SDL_ttf

This all has to do with how data larger than a byte is actually stored in memory. The CPU expects 16bit and 32bit, and larger, data to be ordered in one of the two ways listed below. SDL has macros which you can use to determine which endian your program will be using.

Big-Endian(MSB) means the most significant byte comes first in storage. Sparc and Motorola 68k based chips are MSB ordered.
(SDL defines this as SDL_BYTEORDER==SDL_BIG_ENDIAN)

Little-Endian(LSB) is stored in the opposite order, with the least significant byte first in memory. Intel and AMD are two LSB machines.
(SDL defines this as SDL_BYTEORDER==SDL_LIL_ENDIAN)

Latin-1 is an extension of ASCII, where ASCII only defines characters 0 through 127. Latin-1 continues and adds more common international symbols to define through character 255.

ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) Unicode Table (pdf)